Receiving Waters

City of Binghamton MS4 system discharges to:

Pollutants of Concern

Stormwater runoff from impervious and developed surfaces carries large amounts of various pollutants to the surface waters of the United States. Among these pollutants are nutrients, silt and sediment, pathogens, oil/grease, metals, and debris/litter. Phosphorus, nitrogen, and pathogens are of particularly high concern to the water bodies in the Binghamton Urbanized Area.

Nutrients: Phosphorus and Nitrogen

Phosphorus is the primary nutrient of concern locally. High phosphorus levels lead to excess weed and algae growth in lakes and streams. This growth clogs waterways and blocks sunlight. When algae die, they sink to the bottom and decompose in a process that removes oxygen from the water. Most fish and other aquatic life are unable to survive in water containing low dissolved oxygen levels. Sources of nutrients include fertilizer, human and animal waste, and detergents. Leaves, grass clippings, and other plant materials that fall or are deposited on urban land also carry nutrients that are released during decomposition.

Silt and Sediment

Silt and sediment are a result of soil erosion from construction sites, lawns, agriculture, and landscaping activities. Heavy deposits of silt in sensitive areas such as wetlands and streams can damage aquatic habitat and cause turbidity. Sediment also can carry toxic chemicals that deplete oxygen in water bodies and can clog water infrastructure.

Pathogens (bacteria, viruses)

Bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms include infectious agents and disease producing organisms normally associated with human and animal (both pet and wildlife) wastes, leakage from sewers and seepage from septic tanks. These organisms can cause disease in humans and animals when present in drinking water and water bodies. Because pathogens can harm aquatic and human health, their presence can render lakes and streams unsafe for drinking, swimming, fishing, and other forms of water recreation. Biological contaminants originate from organic matter, animal waste and litter. They may enter the stormwater drainage system through illicit discharges and cross-connections or sanitary and combined sewer overflows.

Metals (e.g. arsenic, lead, mercury, copper, cadmium, zinc)

Metals in water can be toxic to aquatic life, humans and animals. Metals generally originate from vehicle exhaust, weathered paint, metal plating, tires, discarded auto parts, and motor oil. Heavy metals bioaccumulate, meaning that they become more concentrated and toxic the higher in the food chain they progress.

Thermal Stress (sunlight)

Direct exposure of urban streams to sunlight (such as in areas where shade is lacking) may elevate stream temperatures. These temperatures can exceed fish tolerance limits, reducing survival and lowering resistance to disease. Thermal energy also originates from street, parking lot and roof surfaces that have been heated by sunlight. This energy is conveyed through the drainage system to streams by surface flow during storm events, resulting in similar stress to aquatic life.

Floatable/Litter

Floating trash in water may be contaminated with toxic chemicals and bacteria, and can cause death to aquatic animals and birds. Aesthetics are also negatively impacted. Floatables are the result of overproducing single use items and an increase in packaging as well as winds and careless handling of materials.

Oxygen Demanding Organics.

Natural or synthetic organic materials (including human and animal waste, decaying plants and animals, discarded litter, and food waste) can enter surface waters either dissolved or suspended in stormwater runoff. Natural decomposition of the material can deplete dissolved oxygen supplies in the waters. When dissolved oxygen is reduced below a critical threshold level, fish and other aquatic organisms can perish.

Chlorides

Large quantities of deicing or anti-skid compounds are applied by municipalities and transportation departments during the winter months; commonly these substances consist of chloride salts (although sand may also be used). These chemicals are washed into storm drains and streams during snowmelt; they are toxic in large quantities and can contaminate drinking water.

Other Toxic Substances

Toxic substances may enter surface waters either dissolved in runoff or attached to sediment or organic materials. The principal concerns in surface water are their entry into the food chain, toxic effect on fish, wildlife and microorganisms, habitat degradation, and potential degradation of public water supplies. Oil and grease in storm drains can be toxic even in small amounts; they can generally be traced to automotive leaks and spills or improper disposal of used oil and automotive products into storm drains. Residential sources of toxic substances include vehicle fluids (oil, gasoline and antifreeze), paint, pesticides, solvents, batteries, hazardous wastes, street litter, soap from car washing, and swimming pool discharges. Activities of commercial businesses may generate soap from equipment washing, waste process water and hazardous liquids that are either directly discharged to the storm sewer system or enter via surface runoff. Toxic substances can also originate from construction sites and may include wash water from concrete mixers, used oil and solvents, and vehicle fuels and pesticides.

Description of Local Laws

The City of Binghamton has the following local laws in effect related to Stormwater Discharges and are on the city website.

Chapter 227, EROSION CONTROL [HISTORY: Adopted by the City Council of the City of Binghamton as indicated. Amendments noted where applicable.] GENERAL REFERENCES Flood damage prevention—See Ch. 240. Subdivision of land—See Ch. 360. Zoning—See Ch. 410. Part 1, Filling, Grading and Terracing

Chapter 227.A, PROHIBITION OF ILLICIT DISCHARGES, ACTIVITIES AND CONNECTIONS TO SEPARATE STORM SEWER SYSTEMS [HISTORY: Adopted by the City Council of the City of Binghamton as L.L. No. 07-5 on 7-2-2007] GENERAL REFERENCES Erosion Control—See Ch. 227 § 227-A.1. Purpose/intent. [Amended 3-17-10 by Local Law 1-2010]

Personnel

The Stormwater Program Coordinator is:

Duties and responsibilities to implement components of the stormwater program are not limited to the Stormwater Program Officer, they require the contribution and expertise of many municipal staff across departments.

• The City's Sewer Superintendent will ensure that 100% outfalls are being inspected within 5 years; the inspections are documented and will alert the City's Stormwater Management Officer of any changes.
• The City will provide updated information to the base outfall map whenever existing undocumented outfalls are uncovered, new outfalls are constructed, or new information is obtained relating to changing conditions at existing outfalls. Since outfall mapping is managed by the Southern Tier 8 Regional Board and the Broome County GIS Department, information collected on outfalls will periodically be transmitted to the Broome County GIS Manager.
• The City's Stormwater Management Officer will review the ordinance annually and adjust as necessary to maintain compliance with NYS standards and requirements.
• The City's Stormwater Management Officer will investigate and confirm the source of pollutants of 100% of water quality issues that arise due to public complaints or by scheduled inspection of outfalls and implement enforcement actions per the Local Law to prohibit illicit discharges, activities and connections to the separate storm sewer system. This goal will be aided through utilization of a GIS application.
• The City's Stormwater Management Officer will annually update the non-stormwater discharge list as necessary, such that no exempt stormwater discharge is a substantial contributor of pollutants.
• Waterline flushing
• Landscape irrigation.
• Diverted stream flows.
• Rising ground waters
• Uncontaminated ground water infiltration
• Uncontaminated pumped ground water
• Discharges from potable water sources
• Foundation and footing drains
• Air conditioning condensate
• Irrigation water
• Springs
• Water from crawl space and basement sump pumps
• Lawn watering runoff
• Water from individual residential car washing.
• Flows from riparian habitats and wetlands
• Dechlorinated swimming pool and water reservoir discharges
• Residual street wash water
• Discharges or flows from firefighting activities.
• Any SPDES permitted discharge.
• The city will inspect and clean 20% of catch basins each year. Repairs will be made as necessary.

Additional organizations that assist with implementing the Stormwater Program include:

A MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT among municipal corporations of the County of Broome, 60 Hawley St, Binghamton NY 13902 and the County of Tioga, 56 Main Street, Owego NY 13827, hereinafter referred to as "Counties" and the City of Binghamton, 38 Hawley Street, Binghamton NY 13901, hereinafter referred to as the "City" and the Town of Binghamton, 279 Park Avenue, Binghamton NY 13903, the Town of Chenango, Chenango Town Hall, 1529 State Rt. 12, Binghamton NY 13901, the Town of Conklin, PO Box 182, 1271 Conklin Rd, Conklin NY 13748, the Town of Dickinson, 531 Old Front Street #4, Binghamton NY 13905, the Town of Fenton, 44 Park Street, Port Crane NY 13833, the Town of Kirkwood, 70 Crescent Drive, Kirkwood NY 13795, the Town of Owego, 2354 State Route 434, Apalachin, NY 13732, the Town of Union, 3111 E Main Street, Endwell NY 13760, the Town of Vestal, 605 Vestal Parkway W, Vestal NY 13850, hereinafter referred to as "Towns", and the Village of Endicott, 1009 E Main Street, Endicott NY 13760, the Village of Johnson City, 243 Main Street, Johnson City NY 13790, and the Village of Port Dickinson, 786 Chenango Street, Binghamton NY 13901, hereinafter referred to as "Villages".

The Broome-Tioga Stormwater Coalition (The Coalition) exists through the enactment of a Memorandum of Agreement (MOU) between 15 MS4s in the Binghamton Urbanized Area as listed above. The Coalition manages MCM 1 Education and outreach activities for coalition members, assists with MCM 2, and maintains the GIS inventory of stormwater assets. The MOU agreement can be found on either the BTSC website or in the engineering office at 38 Hawley St Binghamton NY, 13901.

Public Education and Outreach on Stormwater Impacts

The Broome Tioga Stormwater Coalition manages the Minimum Control Measure 1 activities on behalf of all 15 municipalities. Refer to the BTSC MCM 1 SWMP which can be found on broometiogastormwater.com.

These elements are covered in the BTSC/City of Binghamton MS4 Annual Stormwater reports. Records on training sessions are on file in the City of Binghamton Engineering Department.

Minimum Control Measure 1 — Public Education and Outreach Program

Public Involvement and Participation¹

Pertaining to opportunities to involve the public in the development, review, and implementation of the SWMP.

• The public will have an opportunity to get involved in developing, reviewing, and/or implementing the SWMP through The BTSC Final Annual report, which remains on the specified websites for the entire reporting year for public inspection. When a new one is finalized for the next reporting year, previous annual reports are archived on the BTSC website, and the annual report gets replaced on the City of Binghamton website within one week of the report being released.
• The BTSC will continue to hold a public meeting to solicit comment on the annual report and provide sufficient notice. The city will report annually to City Council.
• The City of Binghamton will keep all MCM 1 educational material posted on the City's website.
• The City of Binghamton will continue to post Public Stormwater Contact and Stormwater Program Manager Contact information on the City's website and update this information within one week of staff turnover.
• The City of Binghamton will annually hold a coordination meeting involving co-permittees, members of BTSC, regulatory agencies, and interested stakeholders to discuss the progress of the Stormwater Management Program and the next year's activities.
• The following staff person will serve as point of contact for public concerns regarding stormwater management and compliance issues. This contact information has been published by the City of Binghamton and the Broome-Tioga Stormwater Coalition to comply with the State Open Meetings Law when planning annual report presentation public meetings. The meeting notice is distributed as a press release within the required timeframe and is also posted along with the annual report on both the City's and Broome-Tioga Stormwater Coalition's website.

Table 1
Stormwater Issues Public Contact

Public comments received on the SWMP plan and intended responses will be documented, annually, in an appendix to this plan. When public input is received, the City of Binghamton will update the SWMP plan, when appropriate, within thirty (30) days.

Pertaining to opportunities to involve the public in the development and review of the Annual Report.

The annual report will be posted for public review and comment online at broometiogastormwater.com and www.Binghamton-ny.gov. Copies of the report will also be available for public review at the Southern Tier 8 Regional Board: 49 Court Street, Suite 222, Binghamton NY 13901 and City Hall Engineering Office.

Presentation of the draft annual report will be given during the quarterly Broome Tioga Stormwater Coalition meeting where the public will have the ability to ask questions and make comments on the draft annual report.

1 Part VI

Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination

Monitoring Locations Inspection and Sampling Program:

City of Binghamton
Prepared pursuant to GP-0-24-001, Part VI.C.1.e.

1. Introduction

This inspection and sampling program establishes the goals and procedures used to inspect, evaluate, and document monitoring locations in compliance with MCM 3—Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination (IDDE) of the NYSDEC MS4 General Permit GP-0-24-001 (the Permit). The program applies to all monitoring locations, including outfalls, interconnections, and municipal intraconnections.

• Outfalls: Any point of stormwater discharge from pipes, ditches, and swales, as well as other points of concentrated flow, to surface waters of the State from an MS4 Operator's MS4. Areas of sheet flow that drain to surface waters of the State are not considered MS4 outfalls.
• Interconnections: Any point of stormwater discharge from pipes, ditches, and swales, as well as other points of concentrated flow, where the MS4 Operator's MS4 is discharging to another MS4 or private storm sewer system. Areas of sheet flow that drain to another MS4 or private storm sewer system are not considered interconnections.
• Intraconnection: Any point where stormwater is conveyed from the MS4 Operator's municipal facility to the MS4 Operator's own MS4. This is the most downgradient point of the MS4 infrastructure located on the municipal facility prior to discharge to the MS4.
2. Program Oversight

Stormwater Program Coordinator: Shane Dutton
Department: Engineering

The Broome-Tioga Stormwater Coalition (BTSC) provides shared regional MS4 support and IDDE training.

3. IDDE Monitoring Locations Inventory

The City maintains an inventory of all monitoring locations with attributes such as ID, type, prioritization, location, receiving water, and conveyance type. The inventory is updated annually and stored internally as well as on the Broome County ArcGIS Database. By January 2, 2027 and in accordance with Part VI.C.1.c of the Permit, all required inventory information for MS4 outfalls, interconnections, and municipal facility intraconnections will be documented in the SWMP.

4. Prioritization

Monitoring locations are categorized as High or Low priority based on GP-0-24-001, Part VI.C.1.d criteria relating to facility risk profiles. All Monitoring Locations will be prioritized by January 2, 2027. Monitoring locations on high-priority facilities requires both Dry and Wet Weather Inspections to occur once every 5 years. All monitoring locations require inspection and sampling to occur once every 5 years, regardless of prioritization.

5. Inspection & Sampling Program Goals

The overall goals of the program are to assess MS4 outfalls, prevent illicit discharges, and identify and resolve illicit discharges. To accomplish these goals, this inspection and sampling program includes:

• Inspection of at least 20% of monitoring locations annually under dry weather conditions in order to inspect all locations within one 5-year permit term.
• Performing follow-up monitoring, inspections and tracking performed as needed to eliminate illicit discharges.
• Inspect all monitoring locations identified in the inventory on a 5-year cycle following the most recent inspection.
• High-priority locations require additional Wet Weather inspections once every 5 years.
6. Inspection Documentation—Use of Survey123 & Field Maps

Each MS4 Operator that is supported by BTSC , including the City of Binghamton, has an ArcGIS Online account that is funded by dues paid annually to BTSC. This account includes access to Field Maps and inspection forms developed using Survey123 software. These ArcGIS tools are used for inspection documentation, geolocation, photo uploads, and standardized digital data collection. As noted in Program Section 13 below, the inspection tool developed in Survey 123 is based on the Monitoring Locations Inspection and Sampling Field Sheet found in Appendix D of the Permit in accordance with Part VI. C.1.e.i.b. The Broome County GIS website hosts the BTSC database, as well as holds the licenses for coalition members. This enhances consistency across BTSC-supported municipalities and workflow efficiency.

7. Training Requirements

In accordance with Part VI. C.1.e.ii of the Permit, staff responsible for implementing this program must receive training. Inspectors must complete IDDE inspection and monitoring training before conducting inspections for the first time, every 5 years thereafter, and when procedures change. A roster of trained staff is updated annually and added to the SWMP (see below). This roster is also made publicly available on the City's website.

Name	Department	Contact Information

Ron Lake	Engineering	(607) 772-7007
Shane Dutton
Franco Incitti
Daniel Turan
Joshua Paludi
Juliet Berling
Kurt Brown

8. Illicit Discharge Identification and Follow-Up

In the event that an inspection results in a suspect or obvious illicit discharge characterization, sampling will be performed. A sampling plan will be developed for each monitoring location where a suspect or obvious illicit discharge is identified, and the plan will be based on the number and severity of physical indicators present in the flow. In addition, the sampling plan will be developed utilizing the Center for Watershed Protection Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination: A Guidance Manual for Program Development and Technical Assistance, October 2004 (CWP 2004 Manual) to identify the appropriate sampling parameters, methods, and frequency for each specific monitoring location that requires further investigation. Note that if the source of the illicit discharge is discernable, sampling is not necessary. Table 34 below is reproduced from Chapter 11 of the CWP 2004 Manual to specify the criteria for obvious and suspect discharges. Figure 44 below is reproduced from Chapter 12 (Indicator Monitoring) of the CWP 2004 Manual, which provides guidance for determining sampling parameters, methods, and associated action levels for each parameter being tested. Chapter 12 will also be used as a reference by City staff to inform the Illicit Discharge Track Down Program (see IDDE—Tracking Illicit Discharges Standard Operating Procedure). Note that exceedance of sampling action levels initiates the Track Down procedure).

Appendix G of the CWP 2004 Manual serves as a guide for sample preparation, collection, storage and preservation, and chain of custody considerations. Key elements are highlighted below. As noted in Part VI.C.1.e.i.d of the Permit, sampling may be performed using test kits or field instrumentation that are sufficiently sensitive to detect parameters below action levels as specified in Chapter 12 of the CWP 2004 Manual in lieu of analytical methods listed in 40 CFR 136 and the use of certified laboratories.

Key Elements of the Chain of Custody (COC) Form

• Collector Info: Name, initials, contact number.
• Sample ID: Unique identifier for each container.
• Date & Time: Specific collection date and time (AM/PM).
• Location: Precise location (outfall, stream segment).
• Sample Type/Matrix: (e.g.: water, sediment).
• Field Observations: Odor (e.g.: rotten egg, chlorine), color, clarity, floatables, presence of oil/sheen, temperature, pH.
• Sample Transfer Log: Signatures and dates/times for every person who handles the sample (relinquishing and receiving).
• Lab Information: Destination lab, requested analyses, QC samples (trip blanks).

Sampling & Handling Procedures

1. Preparation: Use appropriate, clean sample bottles (with preservatives if needed) and sealable bags.
2. Collection: Collect sample carefully to avoid contamination (don't let water run over hands) and don't overfill.
3. Capping & Sealing: Immediately cap and seal the bottle with a tamper-evident seal.
4. Labeling: Affix the sample label with required info (ID, location, date, time).
5. Packaging: Place in a labeled, sealed plastic bag, then into a cooler with ice.
6. Documentation: Fill out the COC form meticulously for each sample/batch.
7. Transport: Keep the cooler secure and transfer custody to the lab following the COC log.

IDDE Track Down follows the City procedure (see IDDE—Tracking Illicit Discharges Standard Operating Procedure). If a private, commercial, or municipal parcel is identified as the origin of the suspect discharge, the Supervisor of Building Construction and Code Enforcement, will issue a written notice in accordance with the related code violation.

9. Re-Inspection for Potential Intermittent or Transitory Discharges

Intermittent discharges are not continuous by nature but may occur at a regular or predictable frequency. Transitory discharges are usually unpredictable, small volume flows, such as dumpster water, power washing activities, and residential car washing. These discharges can be difficult to detect using standard monitoring techniques due to their unpredictability and are typically the result of hotline complaints or spill events.

Should an inspection indicate the presence of a physical indicator not related to flow and instead a potential intermittent or transitory discharge, the subject monitoring location will be re-inspected within 30 days of the initial inspection event. Re-inspection activities will be performed as described in Chapter 12.6 of the CWP 2004 Manual. The Manual will be consulted when planning for re-inspection events; however, a summary is included below. Re-inspection method and results will be documented and maintained with the initial inspection record.

Techniques for Monitoring Intermittent Discharges

• Odd Hours Monitoring: sampling at different times of day or week, especially if the discharge has potential to take place during evening hours or on a weekend.
• Optical Brightener Monitoring Traps: use of anchored devices that are deployed for several days of dry weather for detection of detergents.
• Caulk Dams: Use of plumber's putty to create a dam within a pipe to capture and sample dry weather flow.
• Pool Sampling: Sample collection from the "plunge pool" directly below an outfall. In this case, a receiving water sample should also be collected for comparison purposes.
• Toxicity Monitoring: Sampling on a daily basis from the "plunge pool" below the outfall. This method is typically not recommended for communities unless they have prior experience and expertise with toxicity monitoring.

Techniques for Monitoring Transitory Discharges

As noted above, transitory discharges are unpredictable and may be the result of illegal dumping or spills. Sampling these discharges can be performed to assign legal responsibility for enforcement actions or to support targeted pollution prevention education efforts. Chapter 13 of the CWP 2004 Manual (Tracking Discharges to a Source) will be used by City staff to further investigate transitory discharges; however, Table 49 (Follow-Up Monitoring for Transitory Discharges) from Chapter 12.6 of the CWP 2004 Manual is reproduced below for quick reference.

Following re-inspection and monitoring activities, if those same physical indicators persist, illicit discharge track down procedures will be initiated (see IDDE—Tracking Illicit Discharges Standard Operating Procedure).

10. Mapping Requirements

Broome County maintains an up-to-date MS4 system map showing all monitoring locations, conveyances, and receiving waters on behalf of the BTSC members, including the City of Binghamton. Inspections and inventory updates utilizing Survey 123 and Field Maps will be added to the BTSC Stormwater Mapper found at https://www.broometiogastormwater.com/

11. Data Management & Documentation

Survey123 data (monitoring location inspections, monitoring, re-inspections) is securely stored on the Broome County GIS database, which can be readily accessed by City staff and used for the MS4 annual report documentation.

12. Annual Program Review & Updates

In accordance with Part VI. C.1.e.iv of the Permit, this program will be reviewed and updated annually by April 1st to reflect procedural improvements, regulatory changes, and the results of inspections (e.g. trends, patterns, areas with illicit discharges, and common problems). The annual review and update will be documented in the SWMP.

13. Attachments
• Procedures will follow the CWP 2004 Manual Outfall Reconnaissance Inventory (ORI), using Survey 123 forms modeled off of the Monitoring Locations Inspection and Sampling Field Sheet found on page 147 of the Permit (Appendix D — Forms).
• Monitoring Locations Inventory (inventory, with prioritization, of MS4 outfalls, interconnections, and municipal facility intraconnections due by January 2, 2027)
• Center for Watershed Protection Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination: A Guidance Manual for Program Development and Technical Assistance, October 2004
14. Interconnections
• Schiller Street & Grand Boulevard
• #32 Mozart Street @ 4^th Ward Trunk Sewer
• #24 Westland Court from West Middle Field
• #49 Kneeland Avenue @ 4^th Ward Trunk Sewer
• Rotary Avenue & Seminary Avenue
• Main Street & Arthur Street
• Chapin Street & Seminary Avenue
• #150 Helen Street @ 4th Ward Trunk Sewer
• Crestmont Road & Jerome Avenue
• Margaret Street & Division Street
• William Street & Ely Street

Storm Outfall Inspection Worksheet

Construction Site Stormwater Runoff Control³

Pertaining to development, implementation, and enforcement of a program to ensure construction sites are controlled. This is designed to prevent construction related pollutants from entering waterways and promote proper planning and implementation of stormwater management practices.

The stormwater runoff control program must address stormwater runoff to the MS4 from sites with construction activities that either result in a total land disturbance of greater than or equal to one acre or disturb less than one acre if part of a larger development.

Public Complaints

City of Binghamton has established the following phone or email contact for members of the public to report stormwater-related complaints from construction sites. Each complaint will be documented and appropriately investigated. For each complaint received, a report must be made and retained. A form to report suspected illicit discharge can be located here.

Table 6
Public Stormwater Construction Complaint Contact Information

Construction Oversight Program⁴

Within 1 year, the city of Binghamton will develop construction oversight procedures and document them in this plan.

The MS4 Operator will develop a Construction Oversight Program that documents:

• A SWPPP is needed when the job site exceeds 1 acre or work being done close to a river or major body of water.
• Identify potential pollution sources on the construction site, including areas with exposed soil, drainage points, and potential spill locations.
• Develop a site-specific SWPPP outlining the necessary Best Management Practices (BMPs) to control stormwater runoff and sediment.
• Include details on designated inspection routes, frequency of inspections, and reporting procedures.
• Assign a qualified inspector (or team) to oversee SWPPP implementation.
• Ensure inspectors are trained on identifying potential pollution issues and proper BMPs.
• Clearly define the inspector's reporting structure and communication protocols with project managers.
• Conduct scheduled inspections at regular intervals, including during critical construction phases like grading and excavation.
• Check the condition of BMPs like silt fences, sediment traps, inlet protection, and erosion control blankets.
• Monitor for signs of erosion, sediment accumulation, and improper stormwater discharge.
• Document observations and any non-compliance issues in detailed inspection logs.
• Immediately address any identified issues by notifying the relevant personnel and taking necessary corrective actions.
• Ensure timely repairs or replacements of damaged BMPs.
• Document corrective actions taken and follow-up to verify compliance.
• Provide regular training to all construction personnel on the importance of stormwater pollution prevention and proper BMP usage.
• Include information on identifying potential pollution sources, reporting concerns, and proper waste disposal procedures.
• Maintain comprehensive records of inspection reports, corrective actions, and any modifications to the SWPPP.
• Submit regular reports to regulatory agencies as required by the permit.

Table 7
Documentation of Construction Site Inspections

Staff responsible for implementing this plan must be trained before beginning work and every 5 years thereafter. Table 7 records staff who have received this training.

Table 8
Staff Who Completed Construction Oversight Training

Preliminarily, the City of Binghamton's Construction Oversight Program will:

• Address stormwater runoff from construction activities that result in a land disturbance of greater than or equal to one acre, and those construction activities that are part of a larger common plan of development or sale that would disturb one acre or more.
• Include a law/ordinance to require a SWPPP for each applicable land disturbing activity that includes erosion and sediment controls that meet the State's most current technical standards.
• Have procedures for site plan review of SWPPPs that consider potential water quality impacts and consistency with State and local sediment and erosion control requirements. The MS4 must also have trained individuals performing the reviews, (all sites of one acre or greater must be reviewed) and an MS4 Acceptance Form must be completed.
• Have procedures for site inspection and enforcement of control measures.
• Have sanctions to ensure compliance (established in ordinance or other regulatory mechanism).
• Establish procedures for the receipt and consideration of information submitted by the public (i.e. Complaints).
• Describe procedures for site inspections and enforcement of erosion and sediment control measures including steps to identify priority sites for inspection and enforcement based on the nature of construction activity, topography, and the characteristics of the receiving waters.
• Educate construction site owner/operators, design engineers, municipal staff and other individuals to whom these regulations apply about the municipality's stormwater construction requirements.
• Ensure that construction site operators have received erosion and sediment control training before they do work within the MS4 and maintain records of that training.
• Establish and maintain an inventory of active construction sites, including the location of the site, owner/operator contact information.
• Develop, record, periodically assess and modify as needed measurable goals.
• Determine the appropriate BMPs and measurable goals for this minimum control measure to ensure the reduction of all Pollutants of Concern (POCs) in stormwater discharges to the Maximum Extent Practicable. Suggested BMPs (i.e. the program actions/activities) and measurable goals are presented below.

Construction Site Inventory and Inspection Tracking

As part of maintaining proper oversight of projects, the City of Binghamton maintains an inventory of applicable construction projects. This inventory will be maintained throughout the year and be updated in the SWMP document annually. The inventory includes the following information (See Attachment 3 for inventory table):

1. Location of the Construction site
2. Owner/operator contact information
3. Receiving watery body name and class
4. Receiving waterbody WI/PWL segment ID
5. Prioritization
6. Construction Project SPDES ID number
7. SWPPP approval date
8. Inspection history, dates, and ratings

Construction Site Prioritization

Within one year of the EDC, the MS4 Operator must prioritize all construction sites which are included in the construction site inventory. Within 30 days of becoming active, MS4 operators must prioritize the construction site and update the construction site prioritization in the inventory annually and document it in the SWMP. Prioritizations are listed in the inventory, Attachment 3.

SWPPP Review

Table 9
Documentation of Staff Who Completed DEC Approved Four Hour Course

Construction Inspection

Pre-Construction Meeting

The City of Binghamton will ensure a pre-construction meeting is conducted prior to the commencement of construction activities. The City of Binghamton will review the MS4's construction oversight program and expectations for compliance with the constructor.

Refer to Attachment 2 for the pre-construction meeting worksheet.

Construction Site Inspections

The City of Binghamton will ensure individuals responsible for construction site inspections receive 4 hours of Department-endorsed training in proper erosion and sediment control principles within 3 years of the EDC and every 3 years thereafter.

Table 10
Staff Who Have Completed DEC Approved Four Hour Course & Perform Construction Site Inspections

The City of Binghamton will annually inspect all sites with construction activity identified in the inventory, during active construction after the pre-construction meeting, or sooner if deficiencies are noted that require attention. If corrective actions are taken, the City of Binghamton will perform follow-up construction site inspections to confirm within the timeframes established by the CGP and the City of Binghamton's ERP.

The City of Binghamton will document all inspections using the Construction Site Inspection Form found in Appendix D of the General Permit.

Construction Site Close-out

The City of Binghamton will ensure a final construction site inspection is conducted and documented in the SWMP Plan, using the Construction Site Inspection Report Form (Appendix D). The Notice of Termination will be signed by the City of Binghamton to indicate project completion.

3 Part VI.D
4 Part VI.D.3 pg 30

Post Construction Stormwater Management⁵

Pertaining to development, implementation, and enforcement of a program to ensure proper operation and maintenance of post construction stormwater practices for new or redeveloped sites.

The City of Binghamton SMP program addresses stormwater runoff to the MS4 from a publicly owned/operated and privately owned/operated post-construction SMP that either is a post-construction SMP that has been installed as part of any CGP covered construction site or individual SPDES permit (since March 10, 2003) and/or all new post-construction SMPs constructed as part of the construction site stormwater runoff control program.

Table 11
Documentation of SMP Training

Post- Construction SMP Inventory and Inspection Tracking:

The City of Binghamton will maintain the inventory from previous iterations of the SPDES general permit for post-construction SMPs installed after March 10, 2003, and develop the inventory for post-construction SMPs installed after March 10, 2003, as they are approved or discovered, and/or after the owner/operator for the construction activity has filled out the Notice of Termination and update the inventory annually.

Within 5 years of the EDC, the MS4 Operator will provide the inventory spreadsheet on post-construction SMPs (Attachment 4).

Post Construction Inspection and Maintenance Program:

By January 2^nd, 2025, a post construction SMP inspection and maintenance program must be developed and documented following the criteria on page 37-38 of GP-0-24-001.

Minimization of pollutants in post-construction stormwater discharges is the most cost-effective approach to stormwater quality management.

There are generally two forms of substantial impacts of post-construction stormwater runoff. The first is caused by an increase in the type and quantity of pollutants in stormwater runoff. As runoff flows over areas altered by development it picks up harmful sediment and chemicals such as oil, grease, pesticides, heavy metals, and nutrients. These pollutants often become suspended in runoff and are carried to receiving waters, such as lakes, ponds and streams. Once deposited, these pollutants can enter the food chain through small aquatic life, eventually entering the tissues of fish and humans. The second kind of post-construction runoff impact occurs by increasing the quantity of water delivered to the receiving waterbodies during storms. Increased impervious surfaces (i.e. Parking lots, driveways, and rooftops) interrupt the natural cycle of gradual percolation of water through vegetation and soil. Instead, water is collected from surfaces such as asphalt and concrete and routed to drainage systems where large volumes of runoff quickly flow to the nearest receiving water. The effects of this process include streambank erosion and downstream flooding, which often lead to a loss of aquatic life and damage to property.

1. Description of Minimum Control Measure

The Post Construction Stormwater Management MCM consists of goals that focus on the prevention or minimization of water quality impacts from both new and re-development projects that disturb one acre or more. This includes projects of less than one acre that are part of a larger common plan of development, or sale that discharge into the MS4. The BMPs describe structural and/or nonstructural practices, the legal authority mechanism that will be used to address post construction runoff from new development and redevelopment projects, and procedures to ensure long term operation and maintenance of BMPs.

2. General Permit Requirements

The Phase II Final Rule requires an operator of a regulated small MS4 to develop, implement, and enforce a program to reduce pollutants in stormwater runoff to their MS4. The MS4 operator is required at a minimum to:

• Provide equivalent protection to the NYS SPDES General Permit for Stormwater Dischargers from Construction Activities.
• Address post-construction runoff to their MS4 from new development and redevelopment projects that result in the disturbance of one acre or more of land are part of a larger common plan of development.
• Have an ordinance or other regulatory mechanism requiring the implementation of post-construction runoff controls to the extent allowable under State, or Local law and meets the State's most current technical standards.
• Develop and implement strategies which include a combination of structural and/or non-structural best management practices; this includes considering Low Impact Development (LID), Better Site Design (BSD) and other Green Infrastructure practices, as well as smart growth principles, natural resource protection, impervious area reduction, riparian buffers or set back distances for protection of environmentally sensitive areas such as streams, wetlands and erodible soils when developing watershed plans, municipal comprehensive plans, land use regulations.
• Ensure adequate long-term operation and maintenance of post-construction stormwater management practices within the covered entities jurisdiction. Inventory to include location of practice, type of practice, maintenance needs of practice, dates and type of maintenance performed.
• Provide adequate resources for a program to inspect development and re-development sites by trained staff and to enforce and penalize violators.
• Record, annually assess and modify as needed measurable goals.
• Determine the appropriate best management practices and measurable goals for this minimum control measure.
3. Methodology for Compliance with Permit Requirements

All participating MS4s in the BTSC have adopted the NYS Sample Local Law for Stormwater Management and Erosion & Sediment Control, which includes provisions to enforce a program that reduces polluted runoff from both newly developed and re-developed sites. Each MS4 will be responsible for inspecting the sites for proper operation and maintenance, and enforcing the permit requirements for properties that are not in compliance. In this manner, the MS4 can ensure adequate long-term management practices for both public and private facilities.

Previous Permit Accomplishments

• Each member of the BTSC has adopted a Stormwater Management and Erosion and Sediment Control ordinance. This ordinance establishes minimum stormwater management requirements and controls. The ordinance addresses issues relating to the following:
• Permanent Erosion & Sediment Controls.
• Stormwater Management Design Requirements; and
• Fee Structure for municipal services relating to SWPPP reviews, inspections and maintenance.
4. Goals

Amend on an annual basis, the stormwater ordinance as necessary to maintain the NYS stormwater standards and requirements as defined by the current or any future permits pertaining to stormwater management activities.

Inspection Program for Newly Developed and Re-Developed Sites:

• Train inspection personnel on post-construction runoff regulations and final inspection procedures on a yearly basis.
• Issue enforcement measures to 100% of owners and/or operators of local development projects that are in violation of stormwater regulations.
• Continue to develop internal tracking procedures to keep track of development projects that are under construction, those that have been completed and any corrective/enforcement measures that were taken.
• Continue to develop and maintain an inventory of post-construction stormwater management practices/facilities within the MS4 jurisdiction.

Post Construction Control Practices

• Continue to implement a procedure for inspection, maintenance, and tracking activities related to post construction control practices.
• Continue to develop an inventory of post construction control practices.
5. Minimum Required Reporting

At a minimum, the permittee shall report on the items below:

• Number of SWPPPS reviewed.
• Number and Type of Enforcement Actions
• Number and Type of Post Construction Stormwater Management Practices inventoried
• Number and Type of Post Construction Stormwater Management Practices inspected
• Number and Type of Post Construction Stormwater Management Practices maintained
• Regulatory mechanism status—certification that the regulatory mechanism is equivalent to one of the "NYSDEC Sample Local Laws for Stormwater Management and Erosion and Sediment Control" and;
• Report on effectiveness of program, BMP and Measurable Goal Assessment

These elements are covered under the BTSC/City of Binghamton MS4 Annual Stormwater Report.

5 Part VI.E

Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping⁶

Municipality Facilities

By January 2^nd, 2027, BMPs must be incorporated into the municipal facility program and municipal operations this should be completed according to the BMPs described on pages 39-43 of GP-0-24-001. The Facility program must specify the facility procedures and training procedures.

By January 2^nd, 2026, an inventory of all municipal facilities must be completed including information listed on pg. 44 of GP-0-24-001. See Attachment 5 for the related table to fulfill this requirement.

By January 2^nd, 2029, a facility specific SWPP must be complete for each high priority facility. This is described on page 45-48 of GP-0-24-001.

Municipal Operations

Training of municipal staff will include the following.

• Provide annual training to 100% of the members of the municipality whose work may potentially impact stormwater. This includes the Highway, Parks, and Water departments.
• The City of Binghamton will continue to develop and implement a training program that meets permit requirements.
• The City of Binghamton Stormwater Manager will continue to develop a Municipal Training Program Documentation Form to document training of employees.
• Annually, the Broome-Tioga Stormwater Coalition provides a Winter Training Series on relevant stormwater management topics and practices, as well as site visits to local stormwater management sites. The City of Binghamton staff will attend these training sessions and document in the SWMP.

Program Development

Identification of municipal operations and facilities that will be considered for inclusion in the program.

• Description of Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping program priorities.
• Description of management practices and policies to be developed.
• Identification of staff and equipment available.
• Description of employee Pollution Prevention/good housekeeping training program, begin training, report on number of staff trained.
• Description of development management practices.

Program Implementation

• Commence implementation reporting after three-year development period.
• Indicate the municipal operations and facilities that the pollution prevention and good housekeeping program assessed.
• Describe the management practices, policies, and procedures that have been developed and report the following items:
• Acres of parking lot swept.
• Miles of street swept.
• Number of catch basins inspected and cleaned.
• Post-construction stormwater management practices inspected and cleaned.
• Pounds of phosphorus applied in chemical fertilizer.
• Pounds of nitrogen applied in chemical fertilizer.
• Acres of pesticide/herbicide applied.
• Staff training events and number of staff trained.
• Report on effectiveness of program.

The names and contact details of staff who have received training in municipal operations procedures is documented in the following table. This will be updated annually.

Table 12
Documentation of Staff Completing Municipal Operations Procedures Training

References:

For any mapping of storm water please refer to the Broome-Tioga storm coalition website.

Refer to city of Binghamton website for definition of illicit discharge and sediment erosion laws.

6 Part VI.F

Street Cleaning

The City of Binghamton commits to sweeping and/or cleaning municipal streets, bridges, parking lots, and right of ways that are owned/operated by the City of Binghamton. The City of Binghamton will ensure that all roads, bridges, parking lots, and right of ways will be swept and/or cleaned once every five (5) years in the spring. The City of Binghamton sweeps streets weekly an average of 2000 miles per year. To ensure that all roads, bridges, parking lots, and right of ways are swept or cleaned once every five years the City of Binghamton follows this schedule:

1. Sweeping roads throughout the MS4 weekly throughout the summer, tracking the locations of the street sweeper to identify any un-swept roads, bridges, or right of ways.

The City of Binghamton will Start on one side of town and continue daily (Monday–Friday) until that side of town is completed. After a side of town is completed sweeping will move to the next side of town until we complete each side of town, then start over again.

The City of Binghamton will ensure to sweep each municipally owned parking lot each spring. The City of Binghamton tracks municipally owned property and schedules days for street sweeping that are specifically for these parking lots.

In addition to the requirements above, the City of Binghamton will sweep all roads in business and commercial areas from April 1 through October 31^st. The City of Binghamton has a comprehensive zoning map and understands where the business and commercial areas in the city are (See zoning map).

For any questions on sweeping of streets, bridges, parking lots, and right aways please call City of Binghamton DPW at (607) 772-7021/7022.